Review the classification and management of progressive MS. New and emerging treatments are also discussed.

Guidance techniques for the safe and effective injection of botulinum toxin in patients with cervical dystonia, limb dystonias, and spasticity.

Botulinum toxins including development, clinical application, mechanism of action, formulations, and indications.

Treatments for Spasticity and Dystonia including mechanisms of action, advantages, and disadvantages.

Overview of spasticity including pathophysiology, assessment, and treatment options.

Overview of dystonias including physiology, classification, genetics, and treatment options.

Multidisciplinary approach to diagnosing and addressing psychological and cognitive issues in patients with MS

Pathophysiological Approach to Therapeutic Interventions

Recent advances in the pathophysiology of MS have led to new disease-modifying therapies that could halt or significantly slow disease progression